Empowering your child with dyspraxia
by Toni Horn
Oct 1, 2023
Understanding Dyspraxia
Definition: Dyspraxia, also known as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), is a common disorder affecting fine and/or gross motor coordination in children and adults. It is important to note that dyspraxia does not impact intelligence, although it can co-occur with other challenges, such as learning difficulties and attention deficits.
Key Challenges: Individuals with dyspraxia often struggle with tasks requiring coordination and motor skills. This can include challenges in activities ranging from handwriting and using tools to sports and driving. They may also face difficulties with planning, organising, and carrying out sequences of movements. In some cases, speech and language development can also be affected.
Neurobiological Basis: Research suggests that dyspraxia results from disruptions in the way the brain processes information, leading to difficulties in planning and executing smooth, coordinated physical movements.
Signs and Age of Onset of Dyspraxia
Early Signs: Signs of dyspraxia can be observed in early childhood, often as delays in reaching developmental milestones. Infants might have trouble crawling or walking, and preschoolers might struggle with skills such as drawing, playing with blocks, or dressing. They might also display difficulties with tasks requiring hand-eye coordination, like catching a ball or using scissors.
School-Age Children: As children enter school age, dyspraxia can become more apparent. They may have trouble with fine motor skills needed for handwriting, cutting with scissors, or buttoning clothes. Difficulties with gross motor skills may be evident in physical education classes or sports. These children may also have trouble following multi- step instructions, organising their belongings, and keeping up with peers in physically demanding activities.
Getting a Diagnosis: Diagnostic Assessment
Assessment Process: The diagnosis of dyspraxia typically begins with a visit to the GP or a paediatrician. They may refer the child to a specialist, such as a pediatric occupational therapist or a physiotherapist, for a detailed assessment. This assessment may include observations of how the child moves and copes with various physical tasks, along with discussions about their developmental history. In some cases, additional assessments by a speech and language therapist or an educational psychologist may be necessary to understand the full extent of the child's difficulties.
Multi-disciplinary Approach: It's important to note that dyspraxia can often co-occur with other conditions, such as ADHD or dyslexia, making a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach essential for accurate diagnosis and effective support planning.
Importance of Early Diagnosis: Early diagnosis of dyspraxia is crucial as it opens the door to specialised support and interventions that can significantly improve the child's skills and quality of life. Early intervention can help children develop coping strategies for their coordination difficulties, enhance their self-esteem, and improve their ability to participate in school and social activities.
School Support: Enhancing Learning for Children with Dyspraxia
Educational Adjustments: In UK schools, children with dyspraxia may be eligible for special educational needs (SEN) support. Reasonable adjustments might include providing extra time for tasks, using technology aids like speech-to-text software for writing, and adapting teaching methods to support motor skills and coordination. Occupational therapy within the school setting can also be beneficial, focusing on practical strategies to improve handwriting, organisation, and physical coordination.
Role of Teachers: They can implement inclusive teaching strategies, such as breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable steps, using visual aids to enhance understanding, and providing clear, concise instructions. A collaborative approach involving teachers, SENCOs (Special Educational Needs Coordinators), and parents is key to creating an effective learning plan for the child.
Support at Home: Practical Strategies
Home Activities: Engaging in activities that enhance motor skills can be both fun and beneficial for children with dyspraxia. Puzzles, drawing, playing with modelling clay, or even simple cooking activities can help improve fine motor skills. For gross motor skills, activities like swimming, dancing, or playing catch can be effective.
Creating a Supportive Environment: Establishing a routine and a structured environment at home can significantly help children with dyspraxia. This could include organising the child's living space in a way that minimises clutter and confusion, using visual schedules to plan out the day, and establishing consistent routines for daily activities like homework and bedtime.
Emotional Support: Children with dyspraxia often experience frustration and low self-esteem due to their coordination difficulties. Providing emotional support, understanding, and encouragement is vital. Celebrating small achievements, offering reassurance, and maintaining a positive and patient attitude can greatly help in boosting their confidence.
Conclusion
Navigating the journey with dyspraxia can be challenging, yet with the right understanding, support, and resources, children with dyspraxia can thrive. It's crucial for parents, educators, and healthcare professionals to work in tandem to create a nurturing ecosystem that caters to the unique needs of each child. Recognising the signs early, seeking a thorough diagnostic assessment, and implementing tailored support strategies both at school and home are key steps in empowering children with dyspraxia. By fostering an environment of patience, encouragement, and structure, we can pave the way for these children to develop their abilities, boost their self-esteem, and integrate successfully into their educational and social spheres.
Supportive Links for Parents in the UK:
